Welding hydraulic apparatus



\ April 1930. J. B. HENDRICKSON 1,755,321

WELDING HYDRAULIC APPARATUS Filed April 2, 1926 Patented Apr. 22, 1930 UNITED,STATES-,PATENT7OFFIGE JOHN B. nnmanroxson, or rHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR 'rowiiLnme ENGINEERS INCORPORATED, A coRroaA'rroN or DELAWARE WELDING HYDRAULIC ArrARA'rUs This invention relates to hydraulic,ma-

chines and a method for forming and protecting the same against corrosion in service. It 1s an ob ect of my invention to provide I hydraulic machines with fluid flow surfaces in section of a turbine runner and housing;

machines as runner blades, runner housings and the surfaces adjacent a housing joint, especially at edge or surface subjected to high I velocity, as in hydraulic turbines or the like.

Qn the other hand, the surfaces may be initially substantially perfect but will wear due ,to usual conditions existing in hydraulic work. In some cases this wear may not be uniform and accordinglv as time goes on corrosion or wear may occur, and due to the imperfect surfaces. formed the rate of cor- 40 rosion or wear may be abnormally increased.

Corrosion is augmented by high velocities and low pressure areas, as beforementioned, which conditions are peculiarly associated with hydraulic machines.

' In order to prevent corrosion to as great an extent-as possible in connection with hydraulic runners, impellers. of centrifugal pumps, ship propellers or the like I propose in one aspect of the invention to weld a layer of rotective metal 5- on the blade body 6' durlng its manufacture, or to weld a layer of such protective metal over certain specific parts of the runner surface which are most subject to corrosion. This operation is performed priorto placing the hydraulic apparatus in use.

The protective metal is deposited preferably by electric welding, and this metal due both to the nature of the metal used and the type of welding employed causes the metal to have greatenresistance to corrosion than the metal forming the bodv of the runner blades or other apparatus. It is sometimes desirable to employ certain alloys, although other particular combinations of metals might be employed to advantage. It will thus be seen that by my method initial corrosion cannot set in, thereby eliminating the necessity of shutting down the turbine or other apparatus in order to repair the same, which would'be the case if the protective layer was not initially employed. From experience the particular'areas of hydraulic apparatus which are subject to corrosion are determinable and accordingly if desired. in order to reduce the expense these particular areas only my be covered with the protective layer.

plex and it is a difli'cult matter, particularly for high speed turbines, to design a runner which will meetjall of the flow conditions from low to full load without corrosion developingas a result of the runner design being out of harmony with the actual flow conditions. The life of the runner is, therefore,

I '25 invention the idea prevails of dependent upon the design of the vanes. This lack of harmonyhas been apparent in certain hydraulic'apparatus, which has been in use, due to the development of corrosion on Y certain portions of the blade surfaces. In my improved methodI utilize this conditionas one step to obtaina more perfect surface which shall harmonize more closelywith the actual flow conditions. To correct the blade surface the areas chiefly subject to corrosion V willhave deposited thereon welding material ,9 to such an extent that a" surface will be had having a contour different than the original cast surface. 4 5- Thisfeature of welding in specific areas or over the entire area may be extended to those-fca'ses where during'casting of the runners inequalities-of foundry practice result in the blade surfaces being warped out of the i o'true position. Such inequalities would cause corrosion, but by'my improved method the blade surfaceshape could be formed so as to harmonize with flow conditions.

Thus, it will be seen that in all forms of the reventing core -rosion in hydraulic machines by a protectivecoating of welded material, with the further feature of utilizing weldingmaterial to obtain a more perfect contour of the surfaces involved, and to make the same conform to the actual flow conditions.

form depth, and a layer of welding material Y of substantially uniform thickness deposited.

by welding in said recessed portion, the outer ,face of the welded layer being surfaced to give the desired predetermined contour and orminga portion of the fluid surface of the cast member,'therebyproviding an integral structure including the cast support and a layer of welded material thereon as a compact tough 1 JOHN B. HENDRICKSON. 1

slirfacing resistant to corrosion In Fig. 1 is shown a turbine having runners as 6 and provided witli a casing or hous ing 7 linedat 8, thus illustrating oneexample a5 ofIanIapparatus embodying the invention.

L-Ina hydraulic machine, a cast member having a fluid surface of predetermined contour, said cast member comprising abody .5 and surfaced to give the desired predeterj mined contour, 'tliereby providin gral homogeneous structure inclu ing a cast support and alayer of welddmaterial thereion asacompact tough-surfacing resistant to 'to corrosion.

2. Theme bed of forming an integral continuous fiui surface on a cast portion of a hydraulic machine consisting of forming a layerjof welding material by depositing said h 55 material by welding it directly onthe parts of the cast portion which are subject to corrosion andpitting and smoothing the surface 7 portion provided with a' recessed portion i an inteof-said welding material so that a single in- I '{tegral' and continuous surface will be p110- fitvided permitting smooth flow lines and to prevent-pitting and corrosion at. the welded Partsi fl L J 3; vIn a hydraulic .machine, a cast member having a fluid surface of predetermined con- I '65 tour, saidcast member comprising a body por- 

